Author: American Dyslexia Association

  • Inside the AFS-Test, Week 12 of 25: Auditory Sequencing

    Inside the AFS-Test, Week 12 of 25: Auditory Sequencing

    Every Wednesday, we take you inside the AFS-Test, the standardized assessment that allows Certified Dyslexia Trainers to definitively diagnose and categorize dyslexia and dyscalculia. This is week 12 of 25.

    This week: Auditory Sequencing

    Auditory sequencing keeps sounds in the right order within a word. When it is underdeveloped, a child hears all the sounds of a word but assembles them differently: letters get swapped, syllables disappear, endings change. The standardized AFS-Test checks auditory sequencing with exercises built around sound order. Identifying and categorizing this area correctly matters, because sequencing errors look like carelessness but respond only to targeted function training.

    Week 12 in under a minute. Watch more on our YouTube channel American Dyslexia Association.

    About the AFS-Test

    The standardized Attention-Function-Symptom Test has been used worldwide for more than 25 years. It examines the attention span, the sensory perceptions, and the error symptoms of a child, and turns the results into an individualized training plan following the AFS-Method.

    Find a Certified Trainer

    Certified Dyslexia Trainers conduct the standardized AFS-Test in your area or remotely. Learn more and find a Certified Trainer near you: dyslexiatest.com

    You can find all published articles of this series under the tag AFS-Test Series.

  • Lesson 15 of 48: Symptom Training for Math: Dyscalculia and Other Arithmetic Differences

    Lesson 15 of 48: Symptom Training for Math: Dyscalculia and Other Arithmetic Differences

    Every Tuesday, we open up one lesson of the Dyslexia Trainer Certification Program here on the blog, all 48 of them, one week at a time. Whether you are a teacher, a parent, or an education professional, this series shows you exactly what certified dyslexia trainers learn, and how the program works from the inside.

    This week: Symptom Training for Math. Dyscalculia and Other Arithmetic Differences

    Dyscalculia training is not tutoring in higher mathematics. It builds foundational numeracy: stable counting, mapping quantities to numerals, secure place value, and mastery of the four operations. This lesson also draws the important line between genetic dyscalculia, which needs the full attention-function-symptom approach, and acquired arithmetic difficulties, which respond to targeted practice. Trainers learn to read error patterns and choose the right levers.

    Lesson 15 in about 90 seconds. Watch more on our YouTube channel American Dyslexia Association.

    What this lesson is about

    Dyscalculia training lives squarely in AFS Symptom Training for arithmetic. We are not tutoring higher mathematics; we build foundational numeracy: stable counting, mapping quantities to numerals, secure place value, and mastery of the four operations (add, subtract, multiply, divide). The Attention (A) and Function/Perception (F) phases prepare focus and sensory processing so the Symptom (S) phase, where arithmetic is actually practiced, can stick.

    Within this lens, we distinguish dyscalculia (genetic, sensory-perception differences requiring A+F+S) from acquired/transient arithmetic difficulties (AR) (typically addressed through targeted S-practice once readiness is adequate). Your role as a trainer is to read the error patterns, choose the right AFS levers, and deliver precise, stepwise practice that converts small wins into lasting competence.

    If persistent difficulties with arithmetic occur over an extended period, six months or longer, this may indicate dyscalculia or another math learning difficulty. Importantly, math problems are rarely related to a lack of intelligence.

    What you will learn in Lesson 15

    • What dyscalculia training actually covers: foundational numeracy
    • Counting, place value, and the four operations
    • Dyscalculia vs. acquired arithmetic difficulties
    • Reading math error patterns and choosing the right practice

    About the Dyslexia Trainer Certification Program

    Since 1997, more than 17,000 dyslexia trainers in 64 countries have been certified. The certification gives you more than knowledge: all the tools you need to actually work with dyslexic children are included as well. Worksheets, training programs, assessment materials, everything ready to use in your practice. You get the whole package.

    The program is accredited by the American Dyslexia Association (ADA) and follows the training standards of the International Federation of Dyslexia and Dyscalculia Associations (IFDDA).

    Catch up and start free

    Lesson 1 is free for everyone. Register in a minute and see the program from the inside: dyslexiacertificate.com

    You can find all published lessons of this series under the tag Lesson Series.

  • Inside the AFS-Test, Week 11 of 25: Auditory Memory

    Inside the AFS-Test, Week 11 of 25: Auditory Memory

    Every Wednesday, we take you inside the AFS-Test, the standardized assessment that allows Certified Dyslexia Trainers to definitively diagnose and categorize dyslexia and dyscalculia. This is week 11 of 25.

    This week: Auditory Memory

    Auditory memory stores what we hear: instructions, dictated sentences, the sound of words. A child with underdeveloped auditory memory loses parts of a dictation on the way to the paper, forgets multi-step instructions, and struggles to hold new vocabulary. This has nothing to do with effort or intelligence. The standardized AFS-Test measures auditory memory precisely, so that training can strengthen exactly this storage system with daily, playful exercises.

    Week 11 in under a minute. Watch more on our YouTube channel American Dyslexia Association.

    About the AFS-Test

    The standardized Attention-Function-Symptom Test has been used worldwide for more than 25 years. It examines the attention span, the sensory perceptions, and the error symptoms of a child, and turns the results into an individualized training plan following the AFS-Method.

    Find a Certified Trainer

    Certified Dyslexia Trainers conduct the standardized AFS-Test in your area or remotely. Learn more and find a Certified Trainer near you: dyslexiatest.com

    You can find all published articles of this series under the tag AFS-Test Series.

  • Lesson 14 of 48: Reading Made Easier: Structured Strategies for Dyslexic Children

    Lesson 14 of 48: Reading Made Easier: Structured Strategies for Dyslexic Children

    Every Tuesday, we open up one lesson of the Dyslexia Trainer Certification Program here on the blog, all 48 of them, one week at a time. Whether you are a teacher, a parent, or an education professional, this series shows you exactly what certified dyslexia trainers learn, and how the program works from the inside.

    This week: Reading Made Easier. Structured Strategies for Dyslexic Children

    For many dyslexic children, reading feels like a locked door: decoding each symbol takes so much effort that guessing and skipping become habits. The good news is that accurate reading can be taught. The Easy Reading Method slows the process down just enough for the brain to receive clear, error-free input, and combined with multisensory, structured phonics it takes students from hesitant decoding to confident, meaningful reading.

    Lesson 14 in about 90 seconds. Watch more on our YouTube channel American Dyslexia Association.

    What this lesson is about

    Reading is often described as the gateway to learning, but for many dyslexic children, it feels more like a locked door. While most students gradually build effortless connections between letters and sounds, dyslexic learners must expend far more effort decoding each symbol. This extra work often causes them to guess, skip, or misread words, which then weakens both comprehension and spelling.

    Reading Made Easier. Structured Strategies for Dyslexic Children, illustration from Lesson 14

    Anyone who reads well and who understands what has been read automatically learns the rules of correct spelling. Precise, accurate reading is a prerequisite for writing and learning.

    What you will learn in Lesson 14

    • Why decoding overloads dyslexic readers
    • The Easy Reading Method and the Easy Reading Card
    • Combining it with multisensory, structured phonics
    • Accuracy first, then fluency and comprehension

    About the Dyslexia Trainer Certification Program

    Since 1997, more than 17,000 dyslexia trainers in 64 countries have been certified. The certification gives you more than knowledge: all the tools you need to actually work with dyslexic children are included as well. Worksheets, training programs, assessment materials, everything ready to use in your practice. You get the whole package.

    The program is accredited by the American Dyslexia Association (ADA) and follows the training standards of the International Federation of Dyslexia and Dyscalculia Associations (IFDDA).

    Catch up and start free

    Lesson 1 is free for everyone. Register in a minute and see the program from the inside: dyslexiacertificate.com

    You can find all published lessons of this series under the tag Lesson Series.

  • Inside the AFS-Test, Week 10 of 25: Auditory Recognition

    Inside the AFS-Test, Week 10 of 25: Auditory Recognition

    Every Wednesday, we take you inside the AFS-Test, the standardized assessment that allows Certified Dyslexia Trainers to definitively diagnose and categorize dyslexia and dyscalculia. This is week 10 of 25.

    This week: Auditory Recognition

    Auditory recognition lets a child pick the important sound out of everything they hear, and tell similar sounds apart: d and t, g and k, m and n. If these distinctions are not reliable, spelling by sound becomes a guessing game. The standardized AFS-Test checks auditory recognition with listening exercises that show whether the child truly hears the difference between similar sounds. Where it is needed, targeted hearing exercises build this foundation before spelling rules can do their work.

    Week 10 in under a minute. Watch more on our YouTube channel American Dyslexia Association.

    About the AFS-Test

    The standardized Attention-Function-Symptom Test has been used worldwide for more than 25 years. It examines the attention span, the sensory perceptions, and the error symptoms of a child, and turns the results into an individualized training plan following the AFS-Method.

    Find a Certified Trainer

    Certified Dyslexia Trainers conduct the standardized AFS-Test in your area or remotely. Learn more and find a Certified Trainer near you: dyslexiatest.com

    You can find all published articles of this series under the tag AFS-Test Series.

  • Lesson 13 of 48: Symptom Training in Language Arts: Letters, Words, and Real-World Use

    Lesson 13 of 48: Symptom Training in Language Arts: Letters, Words, and Real-World Use

    Every Tuesday, we open up one lesson of the Dyslexia Trainer Certification Program here on the blog, all 48 of them, one week at a time. Whether you are a teacher, a parent, or an education professional, this series shows you exactly what certified dyslexia trainers learn, and how the program works from the inside.

    This week: Symptom Training in Language Arts. Letters, Words, and Real-World Use

    Symptom training is the moment when preparation becomes performance: after attention and perception have been strengthened, we practice the actual skills of school. Letters, words, spelling, handwriting, reading, and short writing are worked through tight, repeatable cycles: model, guided practice, independent try, quick check. Often one word or one pattern per session, using all channels, so gains are accurate first and then fluent enough to transfer into daily classwork.

    Lesson 13 in about 90 seconds. Watch more on our YouTube channel American Dyslexia Association.

    What this lesson is about

    Symptom training is the “now we do it” phase of the AFS Method: after Attention and Function (perception) prepare the ground, we practice the actual skills, letters, words, spelling, handwriting, reading, and short writing. Using all channels (see–hear–say–write–mean), we target one concrete focus at a time, often one word or one pattern per session, and work it through a tight cycle: model → guided practice → independent try → quick check. Students highlight the tricky bit, tap and say sounds while writing, apply the rule or pattern, and use the word in a sentence; short reading aloud and micro-dictations reinforce accuracy. We track accuracy first, then fluency, so gains stick and transfer to classroom work, with parents easily joining in for brief daily practice.

    Symptom Training in Language Arts. Letters, Words, and Real-World Use, illustration from Lesson 13

    Trainer note: Offer all six channels and encourage learners to combine them. Over time, each student discovers which mix is most effective, our goal is flexible, independent strategy use.

    More on this topic: Dyslexia Spelling: How Word Formulation Teaches a Word Through Image, Sound, and Meaning shows how word image, word sound, and word meaning work together, with 1,612 free words.

    Symptom Training in Language Arts. Letters, Words, and Real-World Use, illustration from Lesson 13

    What you will learn in Lesson 13

    • The practice cycle: model, guided practice, independent try, quick check
    • Why one word or one pattern per session works
    • Using all learning channels: see, hear, say, write, mean
    • Getting gains to transfer into daily classwork

    About the Dyslexia Trainer Certification Program

    Since 1997, more than 17,000 dyslexia trainers in 64 countries have been certified. The certification gives you more than knowledge: all the tools you need to actually work with dyslexic children are included as well. Worksheets, training programs, assessment materials, everything ready to use in your practice. You get the whole package.

    The program is accredited by the American Dyslexia Association (ADA) and follows the training standards of the International Federation of Dyslexia and Dyscalculia Associations (IFDDA).

    Catch up and start free

    Lesson 1 is free for everyone. Register in a minute and see the program from the inside: dyslexiacertificate.com

    You can find all published lessons of this series under the tag Lesson Series.

  • Inside the AFS-Test, Week 9 of 25: Visual Sequencing

    Inside the AFS-Test, Week 9 of 25: Visual Sequencing

    Every Wednesday, we take you inside the AFS-Test, the standardized assessment that allows Certified Dyslexia Trainers to definitively diagnose and categorize dyslexia and dyscalculia. This is week 9 of 25.

    This week: Visual Sequencing

    Visual sequencing keeps things in order: the sequence of letters in a word, of digits in a number, of words in a line. When it is underdeveloped, letters swap places and ‘was’ becomes ‘saw’. The child is not careless: their processing of order is simply different. The standardized AFS-Test checks visual sequencing with exercises where order is everything. Once the cause is identified and categorized, sequencing can be trained systematically, and reading becomes noticeably more stable.

    Week 9 in under a minute. Watch more on our YouTube channel American Dyslexia Association.

    About the AFS-Test

    The standardized Attention-Function-Symptom Test has been used worldwide for more than 25 years. It examines the attention span, the sensory perceptions, and the error symptoms of a child, and turns the results into an individualized training plan following the AFS-Method.

    Find a Certified Trainer

    Certified Dyslexia Trainers conduct the standardized AFS-Test in your area or remotely. Learn more and find a Certified Trainer near you: dyslexiatest.com

    You can find all published articles of this series under the tag AFS-Test Series.

  • Lesson 12 of 48: Training Tools and Resources: Trainer-Parent Toolkit

    Lesson 12 of 48: Training Tools and Resources: Trainer-Parent Toolkit

    Every Tuesday, we open up one lesson of the Dyslexia Trainer Certification Program here on the blog, all 48 of them, one week at a time. Whether you are a teacher, a parent, or an education professional, this series shows you exactly what certified dyslexia trainers learn, and how the program works from the inside.

    This week: Training Tools and Resources. Trainer-Parent Toolkit

    Weekly sessions set direction and quality, but short, consistent home practice is what consolidates skills. This lesson curates trainer-vetted tools and resources, shows how to hand them to families in a simple, achievable routine of about 20 minutes a day, and explains how each tool maps to the AFS framework. Small daily wins, added up, become measurable progress.

    Lesson 12 in about 90 seconds. Watch more on our YouTube channel American Dyslexia Association.

    What this lesson is about

    Effective dyslexia/dyscalculia support is a team effort. Weekly sessions with a certified trainer set direction and quality; short, consistent home practice consolidates skills and accelerates growth. The trainer’s job is to make home practice simple, specific, and achievable, about 20 minutes daily (and even 5–10 minutes consistently is a solid start).

    Training Tools and Resources. Trainer-Parent Toolkit, illustration from Lesson 12

    This lesson curates trainer-vetted tools and resources, shows how to deploy them with families, and explains how each maps to the AFS framework. With the right tools and a clear routine, families can turn small wins into steady, measurable progress.

    Training Tools and Resources. Trainer-Parent Toolkit, illustration from Lesson 12

    Effective support is a team effort. Alongside the certified trainer’s weekly sessions (typically once or twice a week), progress accelerates when parents provide short, consistent home practice. The trainer equips parents with clear, parent-friendly instructions for daily practice, so the child reinforces exactly what was targeted in sessions. Parents should aim for about 20 minutes of daily home practice; even 5–10 minutes done consistently is a solid start.

    Training Tools and Resources. Trainer-Parent Toolkit, illustration from Lesson 12

    What you will learn in Lesson 12

    • Building a simple, achievable 20-minute home routine
    • Trainer-vetted tools and resources for families
    • How each tool maps to the AFS framework
    • Turning small daily wins into measurable progress

    About the Dyslexia Trainer Certification Program

    Since 1997, more than 17,000 dyslexia trainers in 64 countries have been certified. The certification gives you more than knowledge: all the tools you need to actually work with dyslexic children are included as well. Worksheets, training programs, assessment materials, everything ready to use in your practice. You get the whole package.

    The program is accredited by the American Dyslexia Association (ADA) and follows the training standards of the International Federation of Dyslexia and Dyscalculia Associations (IFDDA).

    Catch up and start free

    Lesson 1 is free for everyone. Register in a minute and see the program from the inside: dyslexiacertificate.com

    You can find all published lessons of this series under the tag Lesson Series.

  • Inside the AFS-Test, Week 8 of 25: Visual Memory

    Inside the AFS-Test, Week 8 of 25: Visual Memory

    Every Wednesday, we take you inside the AFS-Test, the standardized assessment that allows Certified Dyslexia Trainers to definitively diagnose and categorize dyslexia and dyscalculia. This is week 8 of 25.

    This week: Visual Memory

    Visual memory stores what we have seen: the image of a word, the shape of a letter, the look of a number. Spelling depends on it heavily, because writers constantly compare what they write against the stored images of words. A child with underdeveloped visual memory can read a word ten times and still write it differently the eleventh time. The standardized AFS-Test measures visual memory with matching exercises, and the result shows exactly whether this storage system needs targeted training.

    Week 8 in under a minute. Watch more on our YouTube channel American Dyslexia Association.

    About the AFS-Test

    The standardized Attention-Function-Symptom Test has been used worldwide for more than 25 years. It examines the attention span, the sensory perceptions, and the error symptoms of a child, and turns the results into an individualized training plan following the AFS-Method.

    Find a Certified Trainer

    Certified Dyslexia Trainers conduct the standardized AFS-Test in your area or remotely. Learn more and find a Certified Trainer near you: dyslexiatest.com

    You can find all published articles of this series under the tag AFS-Test Series.